Effects of Mozart–Orff parent–child music therapy among mothers and their preschool children with autism spectrum disorder: A mixed-methods randomised controlled trial

Table 5 Comparison of Hope levels on the HHI scale between groups (n = 90)

Variable	MT group (n = 41), n (%)			Control group (n = 49), n (%)			X² values	P-values
Variable	Low	Medium	High	Low	Medium	High	X² values	P-values
Pre-test	-	21 (51.2)	20 (48.8)	-	22 (44.9)	27 (55.1)	0.358	0.550
Post-test	-	10 (24.4)	31 (75.6)	-	35 (71.4)	14 (28.6)	19.756	<0.001
Decrease/increase rate	-	^a11 (26.8)	^b11 (26.8)	-	^b13 (26.5)	^a13 (26.5)	-	-

ISSN: 1471-2431