Fig. 3

Association prenatal smoking with child inhibitory control measured by the EF Touch battery. Each line plot depicts the beta estimates and their 95% CI for inhibitory control (x-axis) and each prenatal smoking group (y-axis). No prenatal maternal smoking served as the reference group. Models were adjusted for prenatal trait anxiety and depression, alcohol use, educational achievement, employment status, household crowding index, as well as, child biological sex, gestational age at birth, and age at EF assessment