Table 1 Sociodemographic maternal and child characteristics
Characteristics | Demographics Variables | N ± SD or N (%) |
|---|---|---|
Maternal | Age (years) | 29.08 ± 5.03 |
Race | ||
White | 257 (75.15) | |
American Indian or Alaska Native | 82 (23.98) | |
Other/Unknown | 3 (0.88) | |
Education | ||
Primary school education | 2 (0.58) | |
Some high school education | 28 (8.19) | |
High school completed | 42 (12.28) | |
Higher than high school | 270 (78.95) | |
Employment status | ||
Unemployed | 76 (22.22) | |
Employed | 266 (77.78) | |
Marital status | ||
Unmarried | 39 (11.4) | |
Married/Cohabiting | 303 (88.6) | |
Household crowding index (persons/room) | 0.62 ± 0.46 | |
Height (cm) | 166.27 ± 7.1 | |
Pre-pregnancy body mass index | ||
< 18.5 | 6 (1.75) | |
18–25 | 96 (28.07) | |
25–30 | 102 (29.82) | |
> 30 | 138 (40.35) | |
Missing | 4 (1.17) | |
Parity | ||
0 | 98 (28.65) | |
1 | 108 (31.58) | |
2 | 71 (20.76) | |
3 or more | 65 (19.01) | |
Prenatal alcohol use | ||
No alcohol | 167 (49.26) | |
Quit early | 147 (43.36) | |
Low continuous | 7 (2.06) | |
Moderate to high continuous | 18 (5.31) | |
Prenatal tobacco use | ||
No smoking | 290 (84.8) | |
Quit early | 16 (4.68) | |
Low continuous | 25 (7.31) | |
Moderate to high continuous | 11 (3.22) | |
Depression (EPDS > 13) | ||
Not clinically depressed | 314 (93.18) | |
Clinically depressed | 23 (6.82) | |
Missing | 5 (1.46) | |
State anxiety (STAI > 40) | ||
Low state anxiety | 321 (95.54) | |
High state anxiety | 15 (4.46) | |
Missing | 6 (1.75) | |
Trait anxiety (STAI > 40) | ||
Low trait anxiety | 300 (89.29) | |
High trait anxiety | 36 (10.71) | |
Missing | 6 (1.75) | |
Depression and state anxiety (4 group variable) | ||
No depression or state anxiety | 303 (90.18) | |
Depression but no state anxiety | 18 (5.36) | |
State anxiety but no depression | 10 (2.98) | |
Depression and state anxiety | 5 (1.49) | |
Missing | 6 (1.79) | |
Depression and trait anxiety (4 group variable) | ||
No depression or trait anxiety | 290 (86.31) | |
Depression but no trait anxiety | 10 (2.98) | |
Trait anxiety but no depression | 23 (6.85) | |
Depression and trait anxiety | 13 (3.87) | |
Missing | 6 (1.79) | |
Anti-depressant medication | ||
No | 301 (89.58) | |
Yes | 35 (10.42) | |
Missing | 6 (1.79) | |
Anti-anxiety medication | ||
No | 326 (97.02) | |
Yes | 10 (2.98) | |
Missing | 6 (1.79) | |
Child | Sex | |
Female | 170 (49.85) | |
Male | 171 (50.15) | |
Gestational age at birth | 38.79 ± 2.15 | |
Birthweight | ||
Low birthweight (< 2500 g) | 42 (12.32) | |
Normal birthweight (≥ 2500 g) | 299 (87.68) | |
Birthweight (grams) | 3387.09 ± 614.91 | |
Age at assessment (years) | 4.74 ± 0.60 | |
Inhibitory control score (SSS) | 0.7 ± 0.28 | |
Working memory score (PTP) | 0.74 ± 0.11 |