Table 2 The prevalence of musculoskeletal manifestations of childhood malignancies
From: Musculoskeletal manifestations of childhood malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author, year | Prevalence of musculoskeletal manifestation | Types of manifestations |
|---|---|---|
Roser et al., 2024 | 192/756 (Leukemia) 124/577 (Lymphoma) 105/417 (CNS tumor) 25/87 (Neuroblastoma) | Osteoporosis (2.4%), Arm- or leg-length discrepancy (4.3%), Limited joint mobility (6.8%), Persistent pain in bones or joints (7.5%), Scoliosis (8.2%), Changes to chest/ribs (1.6%) |
Dybedokken et al., 2024 | 33/58 | Back pain (64%), Gait abnormalities (52%), Leg pain (49%), Nocturnal pain (33%), Neck pain (15%), Arthritis (3%), Unspecified (21%) |
Civino et al., 2021 | Total: 324/1277 Bone cancer: 53/66 Langerhans histiocytosis: 16/34 Leukemia: 189/582 Soft-tissue sarcomas: 16/68 Neuroblastoma: 21/109 | Joint pain (hip, knee) Limb bone pain |
Kang et al., 2017 | Total: 24/125 | --- |
Riccio et al., 2013 | 73/328 | Clinical: pain, septic arthritis-type symptoms, and five osteomyelitis-type symptoms. Joint compression in the tibia-tarsus, knee, coxofemoral, and elbow, vertebral collapses, limited flexor and extensor muscle capacity Radiological: osteoporosis, pathological fractures, osteolysis, osteosclerosis, periosteal reactions, metaphyseal bands, avascular necrosis (75.3%) |
Sinigaglia et al., 2008 | Total: 46/122 | Clinical: pain (34.4%), functional impairment (22.9%), limping (12.3%), swelling (10.6%), and joint effusion (5.7%) Radiological: osteolysis (13.1%), metaphyseal bands (9.8%), osteopenia (9%), osteosclerosis (7.4%), permeative pattern (5.7%), pathological fractures (5.7%), periosteal reactions (4.1%), and mixed lysis-sclerosis lesions (2.5%) |
Campos et al., 2008 | 10/13 10/12 | Arthritis and/or arthralgia |
Robazzi et al., 2007 | 222/406 | Joint tenderness (16.2% in ALL, 5.4% in AML), arthritis (26.6% in ALL, 9.7 in AML), bone tenderness (26.1% in ALL, 16.1% in AML), limb tenderness (49.5% in ALL, 25.8% in AML), and antalgic gait (32.8% in ALL, 9.7% in AML) |
Murthi et al., 2001 | 33/128 | Multiple joint pains (21.8%), paraplegia (two patients), dislocation of a left hip (one patient), and swollen mandible (one patient). |
Mehlman et al., 1999 | 24/52 | Spinal deformity (46%) |
Kai et al., 1996 | 36/168 (ALL) 6/57 (AML) | Locomotor disability (69%), bone/joint pain (92%), bone/joint swelling (62%) |
Rogalsky et al., 1986 | Total: 22/107 | Clinical: pain in the extremities, back pain, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, or fracture Radiological: osteopenia, lytic lesions, metaphyseal bands, periosteal new bone, and sclerotic lesions (43.9%) |
Costello et al., 1983 | 14/28 | Knee arthritis |