Emotion regulation skills, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, cortisol hormone levels in primary school students in Türkiye: a cross-sectional and correlational analysis study

Table 2 Comparison of BDNF, cortisol with some variability (n = 177)

Variables	n (%)	BDNF	Kortizol
Variables	n (%)	(M/SD)	(M/SD)
Gender
Female	89(50.3)	35.34 ± 5.55	2.78 ± 0.48
Male	88(49.7)	33.70 ± 6.70	2.79 ± 0.50
		t = 1.77	t=-0.104
		p =.078	p =.917
Age year
8	61(34.5)	34.61 ± 6.14	2.75 ± 0.49
9	55 (31.0)	34.28 ± 6.32	2.80 ± 0.51
10	61(34.5)	34.66 ± 6.21	2.80 ± 0.49
		F = 0.063	F = 0.193
		p =.939	p =.825
Child’s perceived school success
Low¹	33(18.6)	24.79 ± 2.19	3.43 ± 0.38
Moderate²	55(31.1)	32.89 ± 5.03	2.83 ± 0.50
Good³	89(50.3)	39.14 ± 0.79	2.52 ± 0.23
		F = 285.282^a	F = 76.213^b
		p =.000**	p =.000**
Mother educational status
Primary school	39(22.0)	35.40 ± 6.03	2.83 ± 0.56
Middle school	36(20.3)	33.59 ± 6.84	2.86 ± 0.48
High school	37(20.9)	34.61 ± 6.25	2.76 ± 0.47
University and above	65(36.8)	34.47 ± 5.93	2.73 ± 0.47
		F = 0.536	F = 0.625
		p =.658	p =.600
Mother’s job status
Housewife	140(79.1)	34.28 ± 6.32	2.83 ± 0.48
Officer/Worker	37(20.9)	35.43 ± 5.64	2.63 ± 0.51
		t=-1.070	t = 2.138
		p =.289	p =.034*
Father educational status
Primary school¹	26(14.7)	35.37 ± 6.18	2.87 ± 0.62
Middle school²	25(14.1)	33.64 ± 6.34	2.84 ± 0.44
High school³	45(25.4)	35.16 ± 5.92	2.74 ± 0.42
University and above⁴	81(45.8)	34.17 ± 6.33	2.77 ± 0.50
		F = 0.575	F = 0.530
		p =.632	p =.662
Father’s job status
Self-employment	49(27.6)	36.15 ± 5.60	2.71 ± 0.48
Officer	47(26.6)	34.00 ± 6.30	2.86 ± 0.48
Worker	81(45.8)	33.84 ± 6.35	2.78 ± 0.51
		F = 2.399	F = 1.084
		p =.075	p =.341

*Independent T test. **One-Way ANOVA. ^aGames-Howell = 2 > 1, 3 > 1, 3 > 2, ^bGames-Howell = 1 > 2, 1 > 3, 2 > 3

ISSN: 1471-2431