Fig. 3

Process of training and classification: 10-second ECGs were first exported from MUSE in XML format for conversion into CSV format within a Python environment. The CSV files were imported into MATLAB to undergo continuous wavelet transform. Oversampling was performed by segmenting the initial ECG segments into fie 2-second intervals. The dataset was then split into a training set (80% of the ECG data) and a test set (the remaining 20%). Model training and 5-fold cross-validation were conducted using three pre-trained architectures: ResNet- 18, InceptionResNet-V2, and NasNetMobile. Performance was evaluated in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, and area under the ROC curve (AUC)