Table 2 Frequency and percentage of factors influencing nocturnal enuresis in 144 children with enuresis in the two study groups

Intestinal disorders

(30.5) 18

(21.2) 18

[-0.054,0.240]

1.62

1

0.14

Habit of holding urine

(59.3) 35

(58.8) 50

[-0.158,0.168]

0.004

1

0.95

Involuntary and dripping urination

(35.6) 21

(29.4) 25

[-0.093,0.217]

0.25

1

0.43

Urgency in urination

(57.6) 34

(48.2) 41

[-0.069,0.257]

1.63

1

0.2

Frequent urination

(39.0) 23

(41.2) 35

[-0.183,0.139]

0.08

1

0.78

Feeling of urine in the bladder immediately after urination

(28.8) 17

(35.3) 30

[-0.220,0.090]

0.57

1

0.34

History of urinary tract infection

(22.0) 13

(20.0) 17

[-0.115,0.155]

0.07

1

0.77

Walking disorder

(0.0) 0

(0.0) 0

N/A

N/A

1

N/A

Bedwetting every night

(79.7) 47

(72.9) 62

[-0.069, 0.257]

0.85

1

0.23

One episode of bedwetting per night

(55.9) 33

(71.8) 61

[0.007, 0.133]

4.51

1

0.03

More than one episode of bedwetting per night

(64.4) 38

(42.4) 36

[0.107, 0.356]

5.27

1

0.02

Large volume of urine in each bedwetting episode

(86.4) 51

(76.5) 65

[-0.021, 0.174]

2.09

1

0.14

Ability to control urination during the day

(69.5)41

(77.6) 66

[-0.045, 0.179]

1.21

1

0.18

Family history of bedwetting

(54.2) 32

(61.2) 52

[-0.144, 0.085]

0.69

1

0.25

Using an alarm before starting medication

(20.3) 12

(24.7) 21

[-0.130, 0.181]

0.38

1

0.34

Deep sleep

(76.3) 45

(85.9) 73

[-0.191, 0.016]

0.22

1

0.64

Snoring

(25.4) 15

(25.9) 22

[-0.119, 0.120]

0.004

1

0.56

Sleep apnea

(13.6) 8

(14.1) 12

[-0.129, 0.137]

0.009

1

0.56

Waking up to drink water

(42.4) 25

(44.7) 38

[-0.118, 0.162]

0.09

1

0.78

Excessive fluid intake during the day

(76.3) 45

(72.9) 62

[-0.074, 0.181]

0.36

1

0.53

Excessive fluid intake before bedtime

(66.1) 39

(74.1) 63

[-0.164, 0.014]

1.37

1

0.24

Reduction of bedwetting episodes by controlling fluid intake before sleep

(59.23) 35

(65.9) 56

[-0.089, 0.149]

0.56

1

0.45

Urgency and frequent urination with small urine volume

(40.7) 24

(36.5) 31

[-0.119, 0.144]

0.11

1

0.56

Urinating with long intervals and holding urine

(47.5) 28

(50.6) 43

[-0.115, 0.135]

0.1

1

0.75

Frequent urination with low urine output

(27.1) 16

(31.8) 27

[-0.115, 0.095]

0.11

1

0.59

Presence of emotional problems in the family

(30.5) 18

(24.7) 21

[-0.073, 0.204]

0.51

1

0.45

Child’s cooperation in proper medication use

(94.9) 56

(90.6) 77

[-0.004, 0.108]

1.18

1

0.27

Abnormal residual urine volume

(61.0) 36

(45.9) 39

[0.015, 0.240]

4.12

1

0.04

Abnormal sonographic findings

(47.5) 28

(32.9) 28

[-0.004, 0.297]

2.17

1

0.14

Abnormal neurological examination findings

(0.0) 0

(0.0) 0

N/A

N/A

1

N/A

Abnormal genital area examination findings

(0.0) 0

(0.0) 0

N/A

N/A

1

N/A

Abnormal spinal column examination findings

(0.0) 0

(0.0) 0

N/A

N/A

1

N/A

Total

(100) 59

(100) 85

-

-

-

-