Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study populations

Demographic

 Age, days

2.03 ± 0.89

1.86 ± 0.68

0.677

 Male

27 (43.55)

8 (40.00)

0.686

 Gestational age (week)

38.95 ± 1.11

39.35 ± 1.13

0.874

 Birth weight (g)

3392.26 ± 238.60

3498.00 ± 341.09

0.532

Delivery

0.122

 Cesarean section

19 (30.65)

10 (50.00)

 Vaginal

43 (69.35)

10 (50.00)

 Maternal age (year)

30.29 ± 3.44

30.60 ± 3.06

0.582

 Maternal weight (kg)

74.26 ± 10.78

74.20 ± 14.50

0.819

Exclusive breastfeeding

0.393

 Yes

2 (3.23)

0 (0.00)

 No

60 (96.77)

20 (100.00)

Vitro fertilization

0.568

 Yes

1 (1.61)

0 (0.00)

 No

61 (98.39)

20 (100.00)

UCAN

0.190

 Yes

4 (6.45)

0 (0.00)

 No

58 (93.55)

20 (100.00)

Neonatal asphyxia

0.190

 Yes

1 (1.61)

0 (0.00)

 No

61 (98.39)

20 (100.00)

Clinical variables

 ALT, U/L

15.264 ± 2.33

18.05 ± 4.03

0.672

 AST, U/L

65.68 ± 7.07

20.43 ± 8.17

0.006

 CRP, mg/L

5.74 ± 1.26

2.37 ± 1.51

0.032

 PCT, ng/mL

1.28 ± 0.93

1.09 ± 0.86

0.872

 WBC, 10⁹/L

14.56 ± 2.03

15.47 ± 5.92

0.562

 NEU, %

60.05 ± 5.16

63.60 ± 9.79

0.598

 TBIL, μmol/L

223.76 ± 52.09

97. 99 ± 26.68

 < 0.001

 DBIL, μmol/L

33.76 ± 2.24

7.00 ± 1.23

 < 0.001