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Table 2 Smartphone usage patterns and visual symptoms

From: The association between smartphone use and myopia progression in children: a prospective cohort study

Smartphone Usage and Symptoms

Mean ± SD / N (%)

Average Screen Distance (cm)

28.4 ± 6.2

Continuous Usage Duration (Hours)

1.8 ± 0.5

Gaming Time (Hours/Day)

1.2 ± 0.7

Reading Time (Hours/Day)

0.9 ± 0.5

Eye Strain

164 (31.3%)

Dry Eye Symptoms

133 (25.4%)

Blurred Vision

105 (20.1%)

Headaches

98 (18.7%)