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Table 3 Hemodynamic changes after volume expansion in both groups

From: Clinical value of calibrated abdominal compression plus transthoracic echocardiography to predict fluid responsiveness in critically ill infants: a diagnostic accuracy study

Variable

Baseline (T0)

Calibrated abdominal compression (T1)

After VE (T2)

p value

Group effect

Time effect

Interaction

Heart rate (beats.min−1)

   

0.713

0.011

0.963

Fluid unresponsive cases (N = 15)

150 (122,170)

150 (118,167)

140 (112,158)

   

Fluid responsive cases (N = 12)

145 (122,160)

145 (123,156)

138 (112,152)

   

Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

   

0.581

 < 0.001

0.049

Fluid unresponsive cases (N = 15)

41 (39,66)

NA

48 (45,63)

   

Fluid responsive cases (N = 12)

41 (37,47)

NA

53 (44,58)

   

Mottling

   

0.392

0.046

0.817

Fluid unresponsive cases (N = 15)

3

NA

1

   

Fluid responsive cases (N = 12)

4

NA

2

   

Capillary refill time (s)

   

0.295

 < 0.001

0.544

Fluid unresponsive cases (N = 15)

4 (3,4)

NA

2 (2,3.3)

   

Fluid responsive cases (N = 12)

3 (3,4)

NA

2 (2,3)

   

Urine output (mL.kg−1.h−1)

   

0.662

0.007

0.180

Fluid unresponsive cases (N = 15)

1.4 (0.8,2.4)

NA

4.2 (3.0,5.4)

   

Fluid responsive cases (N = 12)

1.6 (0.8,2.7)

NA

2.6 (1.0,4.6)

   

Lactate (mmol.L−1)

   

0.841

0.940

0.559

Fluid unresponsive cases (N = 15)

2.5 (1.3,4.6)

NA

2.3 (1,3.4)

   

Fluid responsive cases (N = 12)

2.7 (1.7,3.1)

NA

3.1 (1.9,3.7)

   

VTI (cm)

   

0.717

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Fluid unresponsive cases (N = 15)

9.6 (8.8,11.6)

9.4 (7.8,12.1)

10.2 (9.0,12.7)

   

Fluid responsive cases (N = 12)

7.9 (7.2,10.6)

9.5 (8.8,11.9)

11.4 (9.8,13.9)

   

SVi (mL.m−2)

   

0.453

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Fluid unresponsive cases (N = 15)

14.5 (12.5,18.7)

14.0 (11.7,20.1)

15.3 (13.7,20.3)

   

Fluid responsive cases (N = 12)

14.6 (12.2,17.8)

16.4 (15.2,20.4)

19.3 (17.4,23.9)

   

Cardiac index (L.min−1.m−2)

   

0.777

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Fluid unresponsive cases (N = 15)

2.0 (1.6,3.3)

2.1 (1.6,3.3)

2.0 (1.6,3.0)

   

Fluid responsive cases (N = 12)

2.0 (1.5,2.7)

2.2 (1.8,3.0)

2.7 (2.0,3.4)

   
  1. NA not available, Svi indexed stroke volume, VE volume expansion, VTI aortic velocity–time integral. Data are reported as No. or medians (first, third quartile)
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