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Table 2 Maternal-related characteristics of each participating cohort

From: Is maternal diabetes during pregnancy associated with neurodevelopmental, cognitive and behavioural outcomes in children? Insights from individual participant data meta-analysis in ten birth cohorts

 

Total

ALSPAC

BiB

DNBC

EDEN

ELFE

GenR

INMA

MoBa

NINFEA

Raine

Maternal age (years)

29.80 (26.86–33.03)

28.00 (25.00–32.00)

27.00 (23.00–31.00)

30.00 (27.00–33.00)

29.00 (26.00–33.00)

30.00 (27.00–34.00)

31.00 (27.00–34.00)

32.00 (29.00–34.00)

30.00 (27.00–33.00)

33.00 (30.00–36.00)

28.00 (23.00–32.00)

Parity (0)

133,302/272,464 (48.9%)

5869/17,697 (33.2%)

5170/13,029 (39.7%)

46,250/96,825 (47.8%)

848/1903 (44.5%)

8249/17,957 (45.9%)

5239/9522 (39.7%)

1168/2118 (55.1%)

48,649/103,419 (47.0%)

5184/7189 (72.1%)

1342/2804 (46.8%)

Vaginal birth

185,218/237,810 (77.9%)

10,518/11,962 (87.9%)

7475/10,959 (85.0%)

71 954/96,181 (74.8%)

1045/1733 (81.1%)

12,172/17,735 (68.6%)

6224/8455 (73.6%)

1216/1948 (87.9%)

69,200/81,377 (65.4%)

4354/6577 (57.0%)

2006/2831 (69.9%)

Education after high school

133,958/250,899

(53.4%)

1609/12,483 (13.2%)

2920/10,563 (27.6%)

42,518/84,136 (50.5%)

1021/1910 (53.5%)

10,319/18,218 (56.6%)

3713/8661 (42.9%)

710/2176 (32.6%)

66,081/102,919 (64.2%)

4579/7176 (63.8%)

515/2657 (19.4%)

EU-SILC^^

7.8 (7.7–7.9)

7.1

(6.9–7.2)

6.9 (6.7–7.1)

7.9 (7.3–8.1)

7.4 (7.1–7.6)

7.4 (7.2–7.7)

8.1 (7.9–8.1)

7.1 (6.8–7.3)

8.1 (7.9–8.1)

7.4 (7.3–7.6)

NA

Weight (kg)a

64.0

(57.6–72.5)

58.42 (52.49–58.42)

65.0 (56.0–76.0)

65.0 (58.0–73.0)

60.0 (54.0–68.0)

61.0 (55.0–70.0)

64.0 (53.0–72.0)

60.0 (54.2–67.9)

65.0 (59.0–74.0)

59.0 (54.0–67.0)

57.0 (52.0–65.0)

BMI, kg/m2a

23.2 (20.7, 24.1)

20.8 (19.7, 22.8)

26.4 (21.6, 27.5)

23.9 (20.3, 24.4)

22.5

(21.4, 24.2)

23.8 (20.2, 24.2)

24.4

(19.0, 24.1)

23.7 (20.4, 24.3)

23.0 (21.9, 25.0)

21.7 (21.1, 23.2)

21.2 (20.3, 23.0)

Pregnancy

weight gain (kg)

14.7

(11.28–17.87)

16.4 (13.1–19.7)

NA

15.0 (12.0–18.0)

13.0 (10.0–16.0)

13.0 (10.0–16.0)

15.0 (11.0–18.0)

13.5 (10.5–16.6)

15.0 (11.0–18.4)

12.0 (10.0–15.0)

8.6 (6.5–11.0)

DIABETES DURING PREGNANCY

T1DM (yes)a

392/132,246 (0.3%)

2911/11,941 (0.2%)

19/5729 (0.3%)

261/96,879 (0.03%)

NA

83/17,697 (0.5%)

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

T2DM (yes)a

165/132,246 (0.1%)

20/11,941 (0.2%)

11/5729 (0.2%)

51/96,879 (0.1%)

NA

83/11,941 (0.5%)

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

GDM (yes)

4555/266,970 (1.7%)

58/12,408 (7.0%)

1077/13,436 (8.0%)

868/96,822 (0.9%)

123/1904 (6.5%)

1213/17,305 (7.0%)

105/9192 (1.1%)

85/2010 (4.2%)

480/103,419 (0.1%)

491/7606 (0.7%)

55/2868 (1.9%)

  1. Values are median (IQR) or n (percent)
  2. Abbreviations: ALSPAC Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, BiB Born in Bradford, DNBC Danish National Birth Cohort, EDEN study on the pre- & early postnatal determinants of child health & development, ELFE The French National cohort of children, GenR The Generation R Study, INMA Environment and Childhood Project, MoBa The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study, NINFEA Nascita e INFanzia: gli Effetti dell'Ambiente and Raine, The Raine Study, NA Data not available for the cohort
  3. ^^ EU-SILC, comparable cross-sectional and longitudinal data on income, poverty, social exclusion, and living conditions
  4. acharacteristic before pregnancy